Heater



Jan. 15, 1963 C. E. WOOLLEN, JR

ATTORNEY Jan- 15, 1963 c. E. wooLLEN, JR 3,073,583

HEATER Filed Oct. 28, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2

INVENTOR HARLES E. WOOLLEN, JR.

ATTORNEY 3,073,583 Patented dan. 15, 1963 3,073,583 HEATER Charles E.Woollen, Jr., Devon, Pa., assigner to .lohn Wood Company, New York, NY., a corporation of Delaware Filed Oct. 28, 1960, Ser. No. 65,802 LiClaims. (Cl. 263-19) My `invention relates to a construction heaterwhich is particularly adaptable for use in providing heat during coldweather to buildings, etc., during the course of their constructionwhere the permanent heating facilities either have not been installed orare not in operation. .My improved construction heater may also be usedto heat other structures which either have no heating facilities, orhave inadequate heating facilities.

One object of my invention is to provide a construction heater whereinthe combustion is completely burned with no smoke or odor and thepossibility of incomplete combustion prevented.

Another object of my invention is to provide a Aconstruction heaterwherein any flame tip from the burner is prevented from being dischargedfrom the outlet of 4the heater.

Another object of my invention is to provide a construction lheaterwherein the generation of sparks is deterred by reason of longer travelof the combustion gas before reaching lthe outlet of the heater, andwhich assures that all sparks are quenched before the combustion gasreaches the heated air outlet.

My yinvention may be more fully understood and further objects andadvantages may become apparent when reference is made to the .moredetailed description of the invention with respect to the accompanyingdrawings.

In said drawings; FIG. l is a side elevation, partly in section, of aconstruction heater embodying my invention.

FIG. 2 is an end elevation, partly in section, of the structure shown inFIG. l.

Referring to said drawings; the supply tank 1 for the supply of fuel forthe burner is rigidly mounted at its rearward end on a U-shapedsupporting bracket 2. The axle means 3 are rigidly connected to theopposite upright arms 4 of the bracket 2. Wheels 5 are rotatably mountedon the axles 3. For convenience, the axle 3 may be of bolt form rigidlysecured to the upright portions d ofl the supporting bracket 2 by meansof nuts 6.

The forward end of the supply tank 1 is provided with a U-shapedsupporting bracket 9, the opposite upright arms thereof being integrallyconnected to the tank 1 by any convenient means, such as by welding.

The supporting bracket 9 is of such heighth that when the bottom portionthereof is in engagement with a door, the tank 1 will be substantiallyin a horizontal position with the rearward end supported by wheels 5 andthe forward end supported by `the bracket 9.

Each end of the construction is provided with handle means 1d,conveniently formed of bent pipe or tubing, and each handle means isprovided with a cross member portion 12. When it is desired to move theconstruction heater, the Workmen will push down on the rearward crossmember 12 of ythe handle means 10, or lift up the forward cross member12 of its handle means 10, to lift the forward supporting bracket 9 fromcontact with the door. The construction heater may be facilely moved onthe wheels 5 in counterbalanced position on the axles 3 Ito any ldesiredlocation, and then permitted to rest securely on the Ifloor bypermitting the forward supporting bracket 9 to come in contacttherewith.

The construction heater per se, indicated generally by the referencemark 15, includes an outer shell 16 which is rigidly mounted on the tank1 by brackets 1'7 rigidly secured at their opposite ends to the tank 1and to the outer shell 16. The outer shell 16 is provided at itsrearward end with an end closure 20 rigidly connected to the outer shell16 by any convenient means, such as a series of bolts 21 extendingthrough the flange of said end closure 20 and the shell 16 as indicatedin FIG. l. The forward end of said heater 15 is provided with atruncated cone portion '22, conveniently rig-idly connected by weldingto the forward end of the outer shell 16. The truncated portion 22 has aheated air outlet opening 23.

The firing tube assembly includes the member 25 open at its forward endto the interior of the outer housing 16. The rearward end 26conveniently is in the form of a truncated cone and provided with aseries of air openings 27 from the interior of the outerA housing 16 tothe combustion chamber 28 formed by the said ltruncated member 26.

An open end inner shell member 30' is rigidly connected at its rearwardperipheral end lto the member 25 of the member 25. The rearward open endof the inner shell 3ft is substantially concentric with the opening 31formed in the member 25. The open end shell 30 is surrounded lby anintermediate shell member 35 which is rigidly supported on the shell 3dby means of brackets 36. The forward end of said intermediate shell 35is provided with an end closure 37 which is secured to the outer end ofthe shell 35 by any convenient means, such as by welding.

The supply tank 1 is provided at its upper portion with a lill openinghaving a cap 40. The tank 1 is also provided with a drain opening plug41 at the lower portion of the tank, as shown in FIG. 2.

An oil burner 45 having a nozzle tip 46 is positioned substantiallyaxially in the truncated cone member 26. The burner 45 is connected bysuitable piping means 46 to the outlet of the fuel pump 47. The inlet tothe fuel pump 47 is connected by piping means 48 to the lter strainer5d. The inlet to the strainer 50 is connected by suitable piping meansto the tube 51, the open distal end of which is positioned near thebottom of the fuel tank 1.

The fan blower 52 is provided with a flange portion 53 by which theblower 52 is rigidly secured by a series of bolts 54 to the end closure20 of the outer housing 16. The flange 53 is provided with an opening 56which coincides with a similar opening in the end closure 26, `to permitopen communication from the outlet side of the fan 52 to the rearwardend of the outer shell 16 and to the combustion chamber 2S through theseries of openings 27 formed in the truncated cone member 26. I nd itconvenient to provide the member 25 with a deilecting member 57 toprevent the direct flow of air from the outlet 56 of the blower to theheater outlet 23 at the forward end thereof. The blower 52 is connectedto .the shaft of the motor I6d. l also find it convenient to connect theshaft of the motor 60 by means of a flexible coupling member 61 to thefuel pump 47.

The junction box 65 is connected by suitable wiring means 66 to asuitable source of electric supply. An electric igniter member 67 ispositioned in the ordinary manner in proximity to the tip 46 of the oilburner. The igniter element 67 is connected by suitable wiring 68 to thetransformer 70 which is connected, conveniently, within the junction box65 yto the electrical source of supply.

A switch means is located in the junction box 65, the switch means 75controlling the electrical circuits to the transformer 7l! to which theigniter element 67 is connected by suitable wiring, and to the motor 6ftoperatively connected to the blower 52 and the fuel pump 47. The switchmeans 75, conveniently, may be of any of the well-known types in whichthe switch will open after a predetermined interval in the event theburner fails to operate in its normal manner. The electrical circuit tothe igniter element 67 is adapted to be opened after a predeterminedinterval after it is closed by the inclusion of any of the Well-knowncyclic control devices in the circuit.

Operation My construction heater may be moved readily to any desiredlocation by the operator pushing downwardly on the cross member 12 ofthe rearward handle memher lt), or lifting upward on the cross member 12of the forward handle means 1G, to position the construction heater incounterbalanced position on the wheels 5, so that the heater may bemoved facilely. When moved to the desired location, the constructionheater is lowered so that the supporting bracket 9 will come intocontact with the floor, and the construction heater will remainstationary in the desired location supported on the bracket 9 and thewheels 5.

When it is desired to place the construction heater in operation; theswitch 75 is moved to closed position, thereby closing the circuit tothe motor 60 operating the fan 52 and the fuel pump 47. Closure of theswitch 75 also closes the electrical circuit of the transformer 70.Operation of the `fuel pump 47 withdraws fuel oil from the supply tank 1through the piping tothe strainer member t) and then to the fuel pump47, -from the outlet side of which it is delivered under the desiredpressure through the piping to the nozzle tip 46 of the oil burnerelement 45. The circuit to the electric igniter 67 being closed, anelectric spark of sufiicient intensity from the igniter 67 will ignitethe atomized fuel flowing through the nozzle tip 46.

The blower 52 being in operation, air under the desired pressure tiowsthrough the blower outlet 56 to the chamber surrounding the truncatedend 26 of the closure 25, and through the openings 27 into thecombustion chamber 2S. The detlecting means 57 will assure that the airfrom the blower 52 is not forced directly toward the open air outlet 23of the forward end 22 of the outer shell 16.

Assuming that the igniter 67 has ignited the atomized oil tiowingthrough the nozzle tip 46, a flame is projected toward the left in FIG.l, and the heated products of combustion move from the combustionchamber 28 through the opening 31 into the inner shell member 30. Theair heated by the products of combustion will heat the inner shell 30,and will impinge against the end closure 37 of the intermediate shellmember 35, thereby causing the direction of travel to be reversed tothrough the circular space between the cylindrical shell 30 and theintermediate shell 35, in the direction of the arrows shown in FIG. l.When the heated air tiow reaches the open end of the shell 35, theheated air ow will impinge against the enclosure 25' of the cylindricalmember 25.

When the heated air impinges against the closure member 25 of the member25, the heated air again reverses its direction of tiow, to the left inFIG. 1 through open space between the intermediate shell member 35 andthe outer shell 16, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1. When theproducts of combustion heated air reverses its direction of flow throughthe open space between the intermediate shell member 35 and the outershell 16, it is mixed with atmospheric air from the blower 52 whichpasses around the periphery of the deecting member 57 and around theperiphery of the ange portion of the member 25.

The heated air then moves forcibly out of the air outlet 23 formed inthe truncated portion 22 of the outer shell 16, where the heated airmixes with the atmosd pheric air to raise the temperature in aconsiderable area around the construction heater. Heat also is radiatedto the surrounding atmosphere from the outer shell 16 heated by theforcibly moving heated air.

It will be obvious from the full travel path which the air must takeduring its course of flow through my improved construction heater, thatcomplete combustion is assured and that any iiame tip from the burnerwill be prevented from being discharged through the outlet 23 of theheater. Moreover, generation of sparks, and the expelling thereofthrough the outlet 23, is prevented by reason of the longer travel whichthe combustion gases must take before leaving the outlet 23, whichlonger travel assures that all sparks are extinguished before reachingthe air outlet 23.

I do not desire to limit myself to the specific details of theconstruction as herein set forth, as it is obvious that variousmodifications may be made therein without departing from the essentialfeatures of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. A heater having a fuel burner, comprising an outer shell memberhaving one outer end remote from the fuel burner provided with an openheated air discharge outlet means; closure means at the inner other endof said outer shell member; -an intermediate shell member, having anouter end and an inner ends, within said outer shell member and inspaced relation therewith forming an air passageway between said outershell member yand said intermediate shell member, said intermediateshell member being open at its inner end and having closure means at itsouter other end remote from said fuel burner; an inner shell memberwithin said intermediate shell member and in spaced relation therewithforming an air passageway between said intermediate shell member andsaid inner shell member, said inner shell member, having an outer endand an inner end, being open at its opposite ends; a cup shaped member,having an axial opening therethrough of substantially the size of saidinner shell member integrally connected to the periphery of the innershell member at its open inner end proximate said fuel burner, said cupshaped member being in spaced relation with said outer shell member `andbeing open toward the outer end of said outer shell member; a combustionchamber integrally connected with the inner open end of said inner shellmember, said combustion chamber having one end means in opencommunication with the inner open end of said inner shell member; airinlet means in said combustion chamber; power operated blower means,having a discharge outlet means, mounted at the inner end closure meansof said outer shell member, said discharge outlet means of said blowermeans being in open communication with the inner end of said outer shelland with said air inlet means of said combustion chamber; and fuelburner means positioned within said combustion chamber; whereby, whensaid fuel burner is in operation, the heated products of combustion moveforcibly through said inner shell, impinge against said closure means atthe outer end of said intermediate shell member Iand then reversedirection of flow and move 4through the space between said inner shellmember and said intermediate shell member, and then impinge against saidcup shaped member and again reverse direction of flow and flow out theopen end of said cup shaped member, mix with atmospheric air underpressure from said blower flowing laround said cup shaped member, andmove forcibly through the space between said intermediate shell and saidouter shell and flow forcibly through the open heated air dischargeoutlet of said outer shell member.

2. A heater having a fuel burner, comprising an outer cylindrical shellmember having one outer end remote from the fuel burner provided with anopen heated air discharge outlet means; closure means at the inner otherend of said outer cylindrical shell member; an intermediate cylindnicalshell member, having an outer end Iand an inner end,`within said outercylindrical shell member and in spaced relation therewith forming an airpassageway between said outer cylindrical shell member and saidintermediate cylindrical shell member, said intermediate cylindricalshell member being open at its inner end and having closure means Eatits outer other end remote from said fuel burner; an inner cylindricalshell member within said intermediate cylindrical shell member yand inspaced rel-ation therewith forming an air passage- WayA between saidintermediate cylindrical shell member and said inner cylindrical shellmember, said inner cylindrical shell member, having Ian outer end and aninner end, being open at its opposite ends; a cup shaped member, havingan axial `opening therethrough of substantially the size yof said innercylindrical shell member integrally connected to 'the periphery of theinner cylindrical shell member `at its open inner end proximate saidfuel burner, said cup shaped member being in spaced relation with saidouter cylindrical shell member and being `open toward the outer end ofsaid outer cylindrical shell member; a combustion chamber integrallyconnected with the inner open end of said inner cylindrical shellmember, said combustion chamber having one end means in opencommunication with the inner open end of said inner cylindrical shellmember; lair inlet means in said combustion chamber; power ioperatedblower means, having a discharge outlet means, mounted at the inner endclosure means of said outer cylindrical shell member, said dischargeoutlet means of said blower means being in open communication with theinner end of said outer cylindrical shell and with said lair inlet meansyof said combustion chamber; rand fuel burner means positioned Withinsaid combustion chamber; whereby, when said fuel burner is in operation,the heated products of combus-tion move forcibly through said innercylindrical shell, impinge against said closure means at the outer endof said intermedi-ate cylindrical shell member and then reversedirection of flow and move through the space between said inner shellmember and said intermediate shell member, and then impinge against saidcup shaped member and again reverse direction of flow and flow out theopen end of said cup shaped member, mix with atmospheric air underpressure from said blower owing around said cup shaped member, and moveforcibly through the space between said intermediate shell and saidouter shell `and ow forcibly 'through the open heated air disch-argeoutlet of said outer shell member,

3. A heater having a fuel burner, comprising un outer cylindrical shellmember having one outer end remote from the fuel burner provided with anopen heated air discharge outlet means; closure meansat the inner otherend `of said outer cylindrical shell member; an intermedi- -atecylindrical shell member, having an outer end and an inner end, withinsaid outer cylindrical shell member and in spaced relation therewithforming an air passageway between said outer cylindrical shell memberand said intermediate cylindrical shell member, said intermediatecylindrical shell member being open at its inner end and having closuremeans at its outer other end remote from said fuel burner; an innercylindrical shell member within said intermediate cylindrical shellmember yand in `spaced relation therewith forming an air passagewaybetween said intermediate cylindrical shell member and said innercylindrical shell member, said inner cylindrical shell member, having anouter end and an inner end, being open at its opposite ends; a cupshaped member, having 'an `axial opening therethrough of substantiallythe size of said inner cylindrical shell member integrally connected tothe periphery of the inner cylindrical `shell member lat its Iopen innerend proximate said fuel burner, said cup shaped member being in spacedrelation with said outer cylindrical shell member and being open towardthe outer end `of said outer cylindrical shell member; a truncated coneshaped combustion chamber integrally connected with the inner open endof said inner cylindrical shell member, said com-bustion chamber havingone end means in open communication with the inner open end of saidinner cylindrical shell member; multiplicity of air inlet openings insaid combustion charnber; power operated blower means, having adischarge outlet means, mounted at the inner end closure means of saidouter cylindrical shell member, said discharge outlet means of saidblower means being in open communication with the inner end of saidou-ter cylindrical shell and `with said air inlet openings of saidcombustion chamber; `and fuel burner means positioned within saidcombustion chamber; whereby, when said fuel burner is in operation, theheated products of combustion move forcibly through said innercylindrical shell, impinge against said closure means at the outer endof said intermediate cylindnical shell member and then reverse directionof flow Iand move through the space between said inner cylindrical shellmember and said intermediate cylindrical shell member, and then impingeagainst said cup shaped member and again reverse direction of ilow andow out the `open end of said cup shaped member, mix with atmosphericlair under pressure from said blower flowing around said cup shapedmember, and move forcibly lthrough the space between said intermediatecylindrical shell and said outer cylindnical shell and flow forciblythrough the open heated air discharge `outlet of said outer cylindricalshell member.

4. A heater having a fuel burner, comprising an outer cylindrical shellmember having one outer end remote from the fuel burner provided with anopen heated air discharge outlet means; closure means at the inner otherend yof said outer cylindrical shell member; an intermediate cylindricalshell member, having an outer end and an inner end, within said outercylindrical shell member Iand in spaced relation therewith forming anair passageway between said outer cylindrical shell member `and saidintermediate cylindrical shell member, said intermediate cylindricalshell member ybeing open at its inner end and having closure means atits outer other `end remote from said fuel burner; van inner cylindricalshell member within said intermediate cylindrical shell member and inspaced relation therewith forming an air passageway between saidintermediate cylindrical shell member and said inner cylindrical shellmember, said inner cylindrical shell member, having an outer end and -aninner end, being `open at its opposite ends; a cup shaped member, having`an axial opening therethrough of substantially the size of said innercylindrical shell member integrally connected to the periphery of ltheinner cylindrical shell member at its vopen inner end proximate saidfuel burner, said cup shaped member being in spaced relation with saidouter cylindrical shell member and being open .toward the outer end ofsaid outer cylindrical shell member; a truncated cone shaped combustionchamber integrally connected with the inner open end of said inner shellmember, said combustion chamber having one end means in opencommunication with the inner open end of said inner shell member; amultiplicity of air inlet openings in said combustion chamber; poweroperated blower means, having a discharge outlet means, mounted at theinner end closure means of said outer cylindrical shell member, saiddischarge outlet means of said blower means being in open communicationwith the inner end of said outer cylindrical shell and with said `airinlet openings of said combustion chamber; a baffle member extendingoutwardly from said combustion chamber, the perimeter of said bafemember being in spaced relationship to said outer cylindrical shellmember to afford a restricted passageway for flow of -air from saidblower -to said `air passageway between said outer cylindrical shellmember and said intermedi-ate cylindrical shell member; and fuel burnermeans positioned within said combustion chamber; whereby, when said fuelburner is in operation, ythe heated products of combustion move forciblythrough said inner cylindrical shell, impinge against said closure meansat the outer end of said intermediate cylindrical shell member and thenreverse direction of ow and move through Ithe space between said innercylindrical shell member and said intermediate cylindrical shell member,and then impinge against said cup shaped member and again reversedirection of flow and ilow out the open end of said cup shaped member,mix with atmospheric air under pressure from said blower flowing aroundsaid cup shaped member, yand move forcibly through the space betweensaid intermediate cylindrical shell and said outer cylindrical shell andflow forcibly through lthe open heated air discharge outlet of saidouter cylindrical shell member.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,174,663 Keller Oct. 3, 1939 2,565,843 Dennison Aug. 28, 1951 2,720,753Sharpe Oct. 18, 1955 2,896,933 Barnes July 28, 1959

1. A HEATER HAVING A FUEL BURNER, COMPRISING AN OUTER SHELL MEMBERHAVING ONE OUTER END REMOTE FROM THE FUEL BURNER PROVIDED WITH AN OPENHEATED AIR DISCHARGE OUTLET MEANS; CLOSURE MEANS AT THE INNER OTHER ENDOF SAID OUTER SHELL MEMBER; AN INTERMEDIATE SHELL MEMBER, HAVING ANOUTER END AND AN INNER ENDS, WITHIN SAID OUTER SHELL MEMBER AND INSPACED RELATION THEREWITH FORMING AN AIR PASSAGEWAY BETWEEN SAID OUTERSHELL MEMBER AND SAID INTERMEDIATE SHELL MEMBER, SAID INTERMEDIATE SHELLMEMBER BEING OPEN AT ITS INNER END AND HAVING CLOSURE MEANS AT ITS OUTEROTHER END REMOTE FROM SAID FUEL BURNER; AN INNER SHELL MEMBER WITHINSAID INTERMEDIATE SHELL MEMBER AND IN SPACED RELATION THEREWITH FORMINGAN AIR PASSAGEWAY BETWEEN SAID INTERMEDIATE SHELL MEMBER AND SAID INNERSHELL MEMBER, SAID INNER SHELL MEMBER, HAVING AN OUTER END AND AN INNEREND, BEING OPEN AT ITS OPPOSITE ENDS; A CUP SHAPED MEMBER, HAVING ANAXIAL OPENING THERETHROUGH OF SUBSTANTIALLY THE SIZE OF SAID INNER SHELLMEMBER INTEGRALLY CONNECTED TO THE PERIPHERY OF THE INNER SHELL MEMBERAT ITS OPEN INNER END PROXIMATE SAID FUEL BURNER, SAID CUP SHAPED MEMBERBEING IN SPACED RELATION WITH SAID OUTER SHELL MEMBER AND BEING OPENTOWARD THE OUTER END OF SAID SHELL MEMBER; A COMBUSTION CHAMBERINTEGRALLY CONNECTED WITH THE INNER OPEN END OF SAID INNER SHELL MEMBER,SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER HAVING ONE END MEANS IN OPEN COMMUNICATION WITHTHE INNER OPEN END OF SAID INNER SHELL MEMBER; AIR INLET MEANS IN SAIDCOMBUSTION CHAMBER; POWER OPERATED BLOWER MEANS, HAVING A DISCHARGEOUTLET MEANS, MOUNTED AT THE INNER END CLOSURE MEANS OF SAID OUTER SHELLMEMBER, SAID DISCHARGE OUTLET MEANS OF SAID BLOWER MEANS BEING IN OPENCOMMUNICATION WITH THE INNER END OF SAID OUTER SHELL AND WITH SAID AIRINLET MEANS OF SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER; AND FUEL BURNER MEANS POSITIONEDWITHIN SAID COMBUSTION CHAMBER; WHEREBY, WHEN SAID FUEL BURNER IS INOPERATION, THE HEATED PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION MOVE FORCIBLY THROUGH SAIDINNER SHELL, IMPINGE AGAINST SAID CLOSURE MEANS AT THE OUTER END OF SAIDINTERMEDIATE SHELL MEMBER AND THEN REVERSE DIRECTION OF FLOW AND MOVETHROUGH THE SPACE BETWEEN SAID INNER SHELL MEMBER AND SAID INTERMEDIATESHELL MEMBER, AND THEN IMPINGE AGAINST SAID CUP SHAPED MEMBER AND AGAINREVERSE DIRECTION OF FLOW AND FLOW OUT THE OPEN END OF SAID CUP SHAPEDMEMBER, MIX WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR UNDER PRESSURE FROM SAID BLOWER FLOWINGAROUND SAID CUP SHAPED MEMBER, AND MOVE FORCIBLY THROUGH THE SPACEBETWEEN SAID INTERMEDIATE SHELL AND SAID OUTER SHELL AND FLOW FORCIBLYTHROUGH THE OPEN HEATED AIR DISCHARGE OUTLET OF SAID OUTER SHELL MEMBER.